Abelian gerbes play a ubiquitous role in string and supergravity theories. It is conjectured that non-abelian gerbe theories exist, but a satisfactory explicit construction of such a theory has not yet been achieved. Inspired by the possibility that a non-abelian theory of gerbes may be possible on non-conventional spacetimes, I will consider a toy model on a lattice that allows one to make some progress in this problem. In this talk, I will show how abelian gerbe theories may be described naturally on the lattice. I will outline a non-abelian generalisation and show how, under dimensional reduction, such theories give rise to lattice Yang-Mills.

In this talk I will review recent progress in understanding aspects of 5d gauge theories. Under certain circumstances these can be at fixed points admitting a large N limit, whose gravity dual we will discuss. Such gravity dual suggests a yet more general class of quiver-type fixed point theories which can sometimes be understood in terms of S-duality. To this matter the braneweb construction of the theories will prove very helpful, yielding new insights which we will test using the 5d superconformal index.

In this talk I will review recent progress in understanding aspects of 5d gauge theories. Under certain circumstances these can be at fixed points admitting a large N limit, whose gravity dual we will discuss. Such gravity dual suggests a yet more general class of quiver-type fixed point theories which can sometimes be understood in terms of S-duality. To this matter the braneweb construction of the theories will prove very helpful, yielding new insights which we will test using the 5d superconformal index.

How many H2O molecules are needed to form water? While the precise answer is not known, it is clear that the answer should be a finite number rather than infinity. We revisit with care the ideal Bose gas confined in a cubic box which is discussed in most statistical physics textbooks. We show that the isobar of the ideal gas zigzags on the temperature-volume plane featuring a `boiling-like' discrete phase transition, provided the number of particles is equal to or greater than a particular value: 7616. This demonstrates for the first time how a finite system can feature a mathematical singularity and realize the notion of `Emergence', without resorting to the thermodynamic limit. ref: arXiv:1310.5580

Chern-Simons theories coupled to vector matter exhibit interesting phenomena. In the planar limit, these theories are conjectured to be holographically dual to generalized theories of gravity, involving high-spin fields. This is a weak-weak holographic duality that is in some aspects very simple, and may serve as a toy model for deepening our understanding of both holography and string theory. On the CFT side, exact calculations performed in the planar limit, along with constraints imposed by a ‘slightly-broken’ high-spin symmetry, have led to many exact results. These have uncovered the details of a 3D bosonization duality, relating theories with bosonic matter to theories with fermionic matter. I will present dynamical evidence for this duality.

To the full order in fermions, we construct D = 10 type II supersymmetric double field theory. We spell the precise N = 2 supersymmetry transformation rules as for 32 supercharges. In terms of a stringy differential geometry beyond Riemann, the constructed action unifies type IIA and IIB supergravities in a manifestly covariant manner with respect to O(10, 10) T-duality and a ‘pair’ of local Lorentz groups, or Spin(1, 9) × Spin(9, 1), besides the usual general covariance of supergravities or the generalized diffeomorphism. The distinction of IIA and IIB may arise after a diagonal gauge fixing of the Lorentz groups. They are identified as two different types of ‘solutions’ rather than two different theories. References: arXiv:1210.5078 (N=2) arXiv:1206.3478 (bosonic N=2) arXiv:1112.0069 (N=1)

An exact solution representing black holes in an expanding universe is found. The black holes are maximally charged and the universe is expanding with arbitrary equation of state. It is an exact solution of the Einstein-scalar-Maxwell system, in which we have two Maxwell-type U(1) fields coupled to the scalar field. The potential of the scalar field is an exponential. The solution depends on two parameters, the charge Q and one parameter (the ratio of the energy density of U(1) fields to that of the scalar field). We find a regular horizon, which is static because of the balance on the horizon between gravitational attractive force and U(1) repulsive force acting on the scalar field. We also calculate the black hole temperature. For the case without a potential, we can derive such a solution from a time-dependent intersecting M-brane solution in eleven dimensions by the dimensional reduction.

We establish a correspondence between generalized quiver gauge theories in four-dimensions and congruence subgroups of the modular group, hinging upon the trivalent graphs which arise in both. The gauge theories and the graphs are enumerated and their numbers are compared. The correspondence is particularly striking for genus zero torsion-free congruence subgroups which are crucial to Moonshine. We analyze in detail the case of index 24, where modular elliptic K3 surfaces emerge: here, the elliptic j-invariants can be recast as dessins d'enfant which dictate the Seiberg-Witten curves.

We've known since childhood that symmetry can be a very powerful tool in solving partial differential equations. With a little symmetry, one can reduce the number of independent variables, whereas with some more symmetry one can usually separate variables and reduce the problem to solving ordinary differential equations. Given enough symmetry, though, partial differential equations become algebraic. A large body of current research in our field requires finding solutions to the (super)gravity field equations and in this talk I will motivate the search for homogeneous supergravity backgrounds and mention some recent results in this area.

String theory phenomenology generically suffers from either too much flexibility (and lack of predictability) or from the a high specialization to case by case studies. I will discuss how F-theory GUT model building manages to get around these pitfall, in particular, I will explain, how to systematically include global string consistency conditions, which are independent of the specific compactification, and which come with the benefit of highly constraining the class of GUT models that can arise from F-theory.

I will give an overview of recent developments in F-theory GUT model building. First I will discuss the basic ideas of F-theory model building, exemplifying this by the construction of supersymmetric SU(5) GUTs. Then I will outline how global string theoretic consistency requirements impact the SUSY phenomenology. The main focus of this talk will be on the phenomenological implications of these models.

The ABJM model is a superconformal Chern-Simons theory with N = 6 supersymmetry which is believed to be integrable in the planar limit. However, there is a coupling dependent function that appears in the magnon dispersion relation and the asymptotic Bethe ansatz that is only known to leading order at strong and weak coupling. We compute this function to four loops in perturbation theory by an explicit Feynman diagram calculation for both the ABJM model and the ABJ extension. We then compute the four-loop wrapping correction for a scalar operator in the 20 of SU(4) and find that it agrees with a recent prediction from the ABJM Y-system of Gromov, Kazakov and Vieira. We also propose a limit of the ABJ model that might be perturbatively integrable at all loop orders but has a short range Hamiltonian.

We present some new perspectives on N=1 gauge theories, especially SQCD, D-Brane Quiver Theories and the MSSM, from the stand-point of recent advances in computational and algorithmic algebraic geometry and commutative algebra. We introduce the plethystic program which systematically count gauge invariants and encodes certain hidden symmetries. Moreover, we discuss special structures of the vacuum moduli space, such as that of SQCD being Calabi-Yau.

In this talk, I will discuss work in progress with Bertrand Eynard, in which we derive the BKMP remodelling the B-model conjecture, in the large radius limit. This is the claim that Gromov-Witten invariants of any toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold coincide with the spectral invariants of the mirror curve. Our method consists in explicitly constructing a matrix model which reproduces the topological string partition function obtained via the vertex formalism, and then demonstrating that the spectral curve of this matrix model coincides with the mirror geometry.

In this seminar, I will give an introduction to a series of ideas which suggest that many aspects of quantum fied theories, including the celebrated N=4 super Yang-Mills, may be most simply understood in terms of a dual theory in twistor space. No previous knowledge of string theory or twistor theory will be assumed.