Week 20.02.2022 – 26.02.2022

In these lectures, we will present to seemingly different theories. The first one is a theory of gravity in two dimensions, called Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity, that is relevant in the context of higher-dimensional, near-extremal black holes. The second one is a quantum mechanical theory of fermions, with no gravity, called the Sachdev, Ye and Kitaev (SYK) model. We will explore precisely how JT gravity emerges from the SYK model by studying their actions, correlation functions and thermodynamic properties. This constitutes the simplest toy model of what theoretical physicists now call the holographic principle. Address: 21 Albemarle St, London W1S 4BS Floor 2: London Institute of Mathematical Sciences (LIMS)

Non-shearing congruences of null geodesics on four-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds are fundamental objects of mathematical relativity. Their prominence in exact solutions to the Einstein field equations is supported by major results such as the Robinson, Goldberg-Sachs and Kerr theorems. Conceptually, they lie at the crossroad between Lorentzian conformal geometry and Cauchy-Riemann geometry, and are one of the original ingredients of twistor theory. Identified as involutive totally null complex distributions of maximal rank, such congruences generalise to any even dimensions, under the name of Robinson structures. Nurowski and Trautman aptly described them as Lorentzian analogues of Hermitian structures. In this talk, I will give a survey of old and new results in the field. Email m.godazgar@qmul.ac.uk for zoom link

In this talk I will present some recent and ongoing work with Ashish Kakkar and Brian McPeak, where we describe a very explicit construction of a class of two-dimensional conformal field theories, denoted code CFTs. In the chiral case, code CFTs are constructed by compactifying n free bosons on a lattice, which in turn is defined from a classical error-correcting code via Construction A by Leech and Sloane. We show that constraints from higher-genus modular invariance on code CFTs can be recast into simple linear relations on the the higher-weight enumerator polynomial, which is a natural object from the code perspective. With this machinery at hand, we show that higher-genus modular invariance greatly reduces the number of seemingly consistent code CFT partition functions that were found by demanding modular invariance at genus one only. I will also cover some upcoming work, on the relation between quantum error-correcting codes and non-chiral (Narain) CFTs, and on averaging over code CFTs.

We show that every conformal net has an associated vertex algebra, thus identifying the class of conformal nets with a sub-class of the class of unitary vertex algebras. We also characterise those unitary vertex algebras that arise from a conformal net. (We conjecture that every unitary vertex algebras arises in this way, and hence that there is a bijective correspondence between conformal nets and unitary vertex algebras.) To construct the correspondence between conformal nets and unitary vertex algebras, we introduce a new notion of "field localised in a segment embedded in a Riemann surface", which could be of independent interest. This is joint work with James Tener; Part of the London TQFT Journal Club; it will be possible to follow this talk online (please register at https://london-tqft.vercel.app)

In this talk, I will describe crosscap states in integrable field theories and spin chains in 1+1 dimensions. I will derive an exact formula for overlaps between the crosscap state and any excited state in integrable field theories with diagonal scattering. I will then compute the crosscap entropy, i.e. the overlap for the ground state, in some examples. In the examples analyzed, the result turns out to decrease monotonically along the renormalization group flow except in cases where the discrete symmetry is spontaneously broken in the infrared. I will discuss crosscap states in integrable spin chains, and obtain determinant expressions for the overlaps with energy eigenstates. I will comment on the realization of crosscap states in holography. ----------- Part of the London Integrability Journal Club. Please register at integrability-london.weebly.com if you are a new participant. The link will be emailed on Tuesday.

Celestial conformal field theory (CCFT) is a conjectured theory living on the celestial sphere of the asymptotic boundary of Minkowski. In analogy to the usual AdS/CFT dictionary, CCFTs would be dual to gravitational theories in the bulk, with bulk scattering amplitudes being dual to correlation functions on the celestial sphere. OPE coefficients are basic building blocks of CFTs which should also have an analogue in CCFTs. It has been shown that CCFT OPEs can be extracted from amplitudes with appropriate wavefunctions for external states, but there's still no direct computation using the CCFT itself since we lack a first principles definition. I will talk about recent work I have done computing these OPEs directly by using twistor strings, circumventing the issue of the target space theory. I will show how the worldsheet CFT of the twistor string gives a realization of the algebra of operators of the CCFT, reproducing the known leading OPE terms, as well as how it can be used to compute further regular terms in the OPE, beyond what is currently known. As a bonus, the worldsheet OPE also organizes the spectrum naturally in terms of the infinite dimensional symmetry algebras of CCFTs. [for zoom link please contact h(dot)jiang(at)qmul(dot)ac(dot)uk]